Too strong a concentration of rubbing alcohol isn't great for rubber and plastic. Alcohol does kill bacteria and viruses much faster than peroxide (seconds vs. minutes), but can be harsh. Peroxide takes longer to work, but doesn't seem to damage rubber or plastic.
Alcohol also evaporates faster; sometimes too quickly for hard surfaces like plastics.
Hydrogen Peroxide can kill mold and bacterial spores. Alcohol is also more effective on some viruses and hydrogen peroxide is more effective on others:
Isopropyl alcohol is more effective against lipid viruses including hepatitis B and C, HIV, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus, whereas hydrogen peroxide – against non-enveloped viruses, like rotavirus, coxsackieviruses, or poliovirus.
https://blog.fantasticservices.com/hydrogen-peroxide-vs-isopropyl-alcohol-what-to-use-for-disinfection/
https://www.healthline.com/health/rubbing-alcohol-vs-hydrogen-peroxide#bottom-line
https://www.webmd.com/first-aid/difference-between-rubbing-alcohol-hydrogen-peroxide#:~:text=Hydrogen peroxide is another antiseptic,alcohol does to kill germs.